Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 20 de 43
Filtrar
1.
Biol Trace Elem Res ; 2024 Apr 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38568334

RESUMO

Lead is a ubiquitous and neurotoxic heavy metal particularly harmful to children, who are more susceptible than adults to its toxic effects. The prevalence of lead poisoning and iron deficiency (ID) is high in socioeconomically vulnerable child populations, negatively affecting neurocognitive development in children. Although numerous studies have shown the association between blood lead levels (BLL) and ID, the issue remains controversial. Here, we aimed to identify the association between BLL and iron nutritional status in children. We conducted an analytical cross-sectional study of healthy children aged 1-6 y attending periodic health checks in primary healthcare units from La Plata and its surroundings, Buenos Aires, Argentina, between 2012 and 2017. We performed anthropometric evaluations and determined BLL, hemoglobin (Hb) and serum ferritin levels. Blood lead levels ≥ 5 µg/dL were defined as elevated BLL; ferritin levels < 12 ng/ml were considered ID; Hb levels < 11 g/dL (< 11.5 g/dL for children ≥ 5 y) were defined as anemia. Data were analysed using Mann Whitney test, Student´s t-test, chi-square test and logistic regression. The R package (v. 4.2.2.) was used for the statistical analysis of data. The sample included 392 children (mean age, 2.4 ± 1.4 y; 44.6% females). The prevalence of elevated BLL, ID and anemia was 8.7%, 26.3% and 31.8%, respectively. We found a significant association between elevated BLL and ID (odds ratio [OR], 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.16 (1.50, 6.63)). The prevalence of elevated BLL was 16.2% and 5.8% in children with and without ID, respectively (p = 0.003). We also found association between elevated BLL and anemia (OR 95% CI: 3.03 (1.49, 6.29)). In conclusion, blood lead levels ≥ 5 µg/dL were significantly associated with ID and anemia in children aged 1-6 years.

2.
Pediatr Obes ; 18(11): e13072, 2023 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37650320

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Molecular biomarkers of maternal leptin resistance associated with infant weight are needed. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate gene expression of leptin receptor (LEPR), suppressor of cytokine signalling 3 (SOCS3) and insulin receptor in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of lactating women and their relationship with infant body weight and adiposity. METHODS: At day 10 postpartum, maternal gene expression in PBMCs as well as leptin and insulin concentrations in plasma and milk were assessed (n = 68). Infant weight and BMI z-scores, skinfolds and arm circumference were obtained at 10 days and/or at 3 months old. RESULTS: In mothers with pre-pregnancy overweight or obesity (OW/OB), LEPR expression was reduced (p = 0.013) whereas plasma and milk leptin and milk insulin concentrations were elevated. LEPR expression was positively related with infant weight z-score (Beta (95% CI): 0.40 (0.17, 0.63), p = 0.001) but not with leptin concentrations. SOCS3 expression was positively related with infant weight z-score (Beta (95% CI): 0.28 (0.04, 0.51), p = 0.024) and arm circumference (Beta (95% CI): 0.57 (0.32, 0.82), p < 0.001). Relationships remained significant after adjusting for maternal and infant confounders. CONCLUSIONS: LEPR and SOCS3 gene expression in PBMCs are novel maternal molecular biomarkers that reflect leptin resistance and are associated with infant body weight and adiposity.


Assuntos
Leptina , Receptores para Leptina , Gravidez , Lactente , Feminino , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Índice de Massa Corporal , Lactação , Leite Humano/metabolismo , Leucócitos Mononucleares/metabolismo , Obesidade/metabolismo , Insulina , Biomarcadores/metabolismo
3.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 121(4): e202202815, ago. 2023. tab, ilus
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1442582

RESUMO

Introducción. La deficiencia de hierro (DH) es la carencia nutricional más prevalente y la principal causa de anemia en lactantes. Existe consenso en la suplementación diaria con hierro como estrategia de prevención; también se demostró que la suplementación semanal es eficaz, pero la evidencia en lactantes es escasa. El objetivo fue comparar la efectividad de la administración diaria de hierro frente a la semanal para la prevención de la anemia por DH del lactante. Población y métodos. Ensayo clínico controlado y aleatorizado. Lactantes atendidos en un centro de salud público, sin anemia a los 3 meses de edad, aleatorizados en tres grupos: suplementación diaria (1 mg/kg/día), semanal (4 mg/kg/semana) o sin suplementación (grupo control con lactancia materna exclusiva [LME]). Se evaluó anemia y DH a los 3 y 6 meses. Se registró grado de adherencia y efectos adversos. Los datos se analizaron con el software R versión 4.0.3. Resultados. Participaron 227 lactantes. A los 6 meses el grupo de lactantes con LME sin suplementación (control) presentó prevalencias de DH y anemia por DH (ADH) mayores que los grupos intervenidos (diario y semanal). DH: 40,5 % vs. 13,5 % y 16,7 % (p = 0,002); ADH: 33,3 % vs. 7,8 % y 10 % (p < 0,001). No hubo diferencias entre los grupos diario y semanal. Tampoco hubo diferencias en el porcentaje de alta adherencia a la suplementación (50,6 % diaria vs. 57,1 % semanal), ni en los efectos adversos. Conclusiones. No se hallaron diferencias significativas en la efectividad entre la administración diaria y semanal para la prevención de ADH del lactante.


Introduction. Iron deficiency (ID) is the most prevalent nutritional deficiency and the main cause of anemia in infants. There is consensus on daily iron supplementation as a preventive strategy; and weekly iron supplementation has also been shown to be effective, but evidence in infants is scarce. The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of daily versus weekly iron administration for the prevention of ID anemia (IDA) in infants. Population and methods. Randomized, controlled clinical trial. Infants seen at a public health center, without anemia at 3 months of age, were randomized into 3 groups: daily supplementation (1 mg/kg/ day), weekly supplementation (4 mg/kg/week), or no supplementation (control group with exclusive breastfeeding [EB]). Anemia and ID were assessed at 3 and 6 months old. Adherence and adverse events were recorded. Data were analyzed using the R software, version 4.0.3. Results. A total of 227 infants participated. At 6 months, the group of infants with EB without supplementation(control) had a higher prevalence of ID and IDA than the intervention groups (daily and weekly). ID: 40.5% versus 13.5% and 16.7% (p = 0.002); IDA: 33.3% versus 7.8% and 10% (p < 0.001). There were no differences between the daily and weekly supplementation groups. There were also no differences in the percentage of high adherence to supplementation (50.6% daily versus 57.1% weekly) or adverse events. Conclusions. No significant differences in effectiveness were observed between daily and weekly administration for the prevention of infant IDA.


Assuntos
Humanos , Lactente , Anemia Ferropriva/prevenção & controle , Anemia Ferropriva/epidemiologia , Ferro/uso terapêutico , Aleitamento Materno , Anemia Ferropriva/tratamento farmacológico , Suplementos Nutricionais , Desnutrição/complicações , Deficiências de Ferro
4.
Arch Argent Pediatr ; 121(4): e202202815, 2023 08 01.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36728944

RESUMO

Introduction. Iron deficiency (ID) is the most prevalent nutritional deficiency and the main cause of anemia in infants. There is consensus on daily iron supplementation as a preventive strategy; and weekly iron supplementation has also been shown to be effective, but evidence in infants is scarce. The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of daily versus weekly iron administration for the prevention of ID anemia (IDA) in infants. Population and methods. Randomized, controlled clinical trial. Infants seen at a public health center, without anemia at 3 months of age, were randomized into 3 groups: daily supplementation (1 mg/kg/day), weekly supplementation (4 mg/kg/week), or no supplementation (control group with exclusive breastfeeding [EB]). Anemia and ID were assessed at 3 and 6 months old. Adherence and adverse events were recorded. Data were analyzed using the R software, version 4.0.3. Results. A total of 227 infants participated. At 6 months, the group of infants with EB without supplementation (control) had a higher prevalence of ID and IDA than the intervention groups (daily and weekly). ID: 40.5% versus 13.5% and 16.7% (p = 0.002); IDA: 33.3% versus 7.8% and 10% (p < 0.001). There were no differences between the daily and weekly supplementation groups. There were also no differences in the percentage of high adherence to supplementation (50.6% daily versus 57.1% weekly) or adverse events. Conclusions. No significant differences in effectiveness were observed between daily and weekly administration for the prevention of infant IDA.


Introducción. La deficiencia de hierro (DH) es la carencia nutricional más prevalente y la principal causa de anemia en lactantes. Existe consenso en la suplementación diaria con hierro como estrategia de prevención; también se demostró que la suplementación semanal es eficaz, pero la evidencia en lactantes es escasa. El objetivo fue comparar la efectividad de la administración diaria de hierro frente a la semanal para la prevención de la anemia por DH del lactante. Población y métodos. Ensayo clínico controlado y aleatorizado. Lactantes atendidos en un centro de salud público, sin anemia a los 3 meses de edad, aleatorizados en tres grupos: suplementación diaria (1 mg/kg/día), semanal (4 mg/kg/semana) o sin suplementación (grupo control con lactancia materna exclusiva [LME]). Se evaluó anemia y DH a los 3 y 6 meses. Se registró grado de adherencia y efectos adversos. Los datos se analizaron con el software R versión 4.0.3. Resultados. Participaron 227 lactantes. A los 6 meses el grupo de lactantes con LME sin suplementación (control) presentó prevalencias de DH y anemia por DH (ADH) mayores que los grupos intervenidos (diario y semanal). DH: 40,5 % vs. 13,5 % y 16,7 % (p = 0,002); ADH: 33,3 % vs. 7,8 % y 10 % (p < 0,001). No hubo diferencias entre los grupos diario y semanal. Tampoco hubo diferencias en el porcentaje de alta adherencia a la suplementación (50,6 % diaria vs. 57,1 % semanal), ni en los efectos adversos. Conclusiones. No se hallaron diferencias significativas en la efectividad entre la administración diaria y semanal para la prevención de ADH del lactante.


Assuntos
Anemia Ferropriva , Ferro , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Anemia Ferropriva/epidemiologia , Anemia Ferropriva/prevenção & controle , Anemia Ferropriva/tratamento farmacológico , Aleitamento Materno , Suplementos Nutricionais , Ferro/uso terapêutico , Deficiências de Ferro , Desnutrição/complicações
5.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 120(3): 174-179, junio 2022. tab
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1368143

RESUMO

Introducción. La exposición ambiental a plomo (Pb) aún constituye un problema de salud pública, particularmente para los niños. El estrés oxidativo podría representar un mecanismo primario asociado a su toxicidad. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar los niveles de Pb en sangre (Pb-S) en niños de 1 a 6 años de La Plata y alrededores con exposición ambiental, y su relación con biomarcadores de estrés oxidativo. Población y métodos. Estudio analítico de corte transversal. Se evaluaron niños clínicamente sanos de 1 a 6 años. Se determinaron los niveles de Pb-S, las actividades de enzimas antioxidantes y el grado de peroxidación lipídica. Se utilizó el paquete estadístico R versión 3.5.1. Resultados. Participaron 131 niños, mediana de edad 2,33 años. La media geométrica de los niveles de Pb-S fue 1,90 µg/dL; el 32 % presentó plombemias cuantificables y el 3 %, niveles ≥5 µg/dL (referencia internacional). Al comparar los biomarcadores de estrés oxidativo según los niveles de Pb-S, solo se observó diferencia significativa entre las medianas de las sustancias reactivas al ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBARS): 12,0 versus 10,0 nmol MDA/mL plasma; p = 0,02. Asimismo, la correlación entre las plombemias y las TBARS fue positiva (r = 0,24; p = 0,012). Conclusiones. La mayoría de los niños mostraron niveles de Pb-S menores a los límites recomendados por agencias internacionales, que si bien, no producen alteraciones en la actividad de enzimas antioxidantes, sí inducen peroxidación lipídica. Estos resultados reflejan la utilidad de este biomarcador como una herramienta diagnóstica temprana para evaluar los efectos subtóxicos del Pb.


Introduction. Environmental exposure to lead is still a major public health problem, especially in children. Oxidative stress may be a primary mechanism associated with toxicity. Theobjective of this study was to measure blood lead levels (BLLs) in children aged 1 to 6 years expos to lead in La Plata and suburban areas and their relation to oxidative stress biomarkers. Population and methods. Cross-sectional,analytical study. Clinically healthy children aged1 to 6 years were analyzed. BLLs, antioxidant enzyme activity, and extent of lipid peroxidation were measured. The statistical softwarepackage R, version 3.5.1, was used. Results. A total of 131 children participated; their median age was 2.33 years. The geometric mean of BLLs was 1.90 µg/dL; 32% showed a measurable BLL and 3%, BLLs ≥ 5 µg/dL (international reference). The comparison ofoxidative stress biomarkers based on BLshowed a significant difference in median thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS):12.0 versus 10.0 nmol MDA/mL of plasma;p = 0.02. In addition, the correlation between BLLs and TBARS was positive (r = 0.24; p = 0.012 Conclusions. Most children had a BLL below the limit recommended by international agencies; although such BLLs do not affantioxidant enzyme activity, they can induce lipid peroxidation. These results demonstrate theusefulness of this biomarker as an early diagnosistool to assess subtoxic lead effects.


Assuntos
Humanos , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Chumbo/análise , Intoxicação por Chumbo/diagnóstico , Argentina , Biomarcadores , Estudos Transversais , Substâncias Reativas com Ácido Tiobarbitúrico , Estresse Oxidativo , Exposição Ambiental/efeitos adversos , Antioxidantes
6.
Arch Argent Pediatr ; 120(3): 174-179, 2022 06.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35533119

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Environmental exposure to lead is still a major public health problem, especially in children. Oxidative stress may be a primary mechanism associated with toxicity. The objective of this study was to measure blood lead levels (BLLs) in children aged 1 to 6 years exposed to lead in La Plata and suburban areas and their relation to oxidative stress biomarkers. POPULATION AND METHODS: Cross-sectional, analytical study. Clinically healthy children aged 1 to 6 years were analyzed. BLLs, antioxidant enzyme activity, and extent of lipid peroxidation were measured. The statistical software package R, version 3.5.1, was used. RESULTS: A total of 131 children participated; their median age was 2.33 years. The geometric mean of BLLs was 1.90 µg/dL; 32% showed a measurable BLL and 3%, BLLs ≥ 5 µg/dL (international reference). The comparison of oxidative stress biomarkers based on BLLs showed a significant difference in median thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS): 12.0 versus 10.0 nmol MDA/mL of plasma; p = 0.02. In addition, the correlation between BLLs and TBARS was positive (r = 0.24; p = 0.012). CONCLUSIONS: Most children had a BLL below the limit recommended by international agencies; although such BLLs do not affect antioxidant enzyme activity, they can induce lipid peroxidation. These results demonstrate the usefulness of this biomarker as an early diagnosis tool to assess subtoxic lead effects.


Introducción. La exposición ambiental a plomo (Pb) aún constituye un problema de salud pública, particularmente para los niños. El estrés oxidativo podría representar un mecanismo primario asociado a su toxicidad. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar los niveles de Pb en sangre (Pb-S) en niños de 1 a 6 años de La Plata y alrededores con exposición ambiental, y su relación con biomarcadores de estrés oxidativo. Población y métodos. Estudio analítico de corte transversal. Se evaluaron niños clínicamente sanos de 1 a 6 años. Se determinaron los niveles de Pb-S, las actividades de enzimas antioxidantes y el grado de peroxidación lipídica. Se utilizó el paquete estadístico R versión 3.5.1. Resultados. Participaron 131 niños, mediana de edad 2,33 años. La media geométrica de los niveles de Pb-S fue 1,90 µg/dL; el 32 % presentó plombemias cuantificables y el 3 %, niveles ≥5 µg/dL (referencia internacional). Al comparar los biomarcadores de estrés oxidativo según los niveles de Pb-S, solo se observó diferencia significativa entre las medianas de las sustancias reactivas al ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBARS): 12,0 versus 10,0 nmol MDA/mL plasma; p = 0,02. Asimismo, la correlación entre las plombemias y las TBARS fue positiva (r = 0,24; p = 0,012). Conclusiones. La mayoría de los niños mostraron niveles de Pb-S menores a los límites recomendados por agencias internacionales, que si bien, no producen alteraciones en la actividad de enzimas antioxidantes, sí inducen peroxidación lipídica. Estos resultados reflejan la utilidad de este biomarcador como una herramienta diagnóstica temprana para evaluar los efectos subtóxicos del Pb.


Assuntos
Intoxicação por Chumbo , Chumbo , Antioxidantes , Argentina , Biomarcadores , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estudos Transversais , Exposição Ambiental/efeitos adversos , Humanos , Chumbo/análise , Intoxicação por Chumbo/diagnóstico , Estresse Oxidativo , Substâncias Reativas com Ácido Tiobarbitúrico
8.
Rev. chil. nutr ; 46(6): 701-707, dic. 2019. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-1058132

RESUMO

Hypertension is one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Functional foods containing bioactive peptides have been proposed as a strategy to decrease blood pressure (BP) in subjects under no pharmacological treatment. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of low-sodium, low-fat (LSLF) cheese and LSLF cheese containing Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis CRL 581 (LSLF581) on BP in pre-hypertensive and stage 1 hypertensive subjects. Sixty-one pre-hypertensive and stage 1 hypertensive subjects assigned to one of twos (LSLF, n= 29 and LSLF581, n= 32) participated in this 12-month prospective, randomized, double-blind, crossover trial. Twenty-four h ambulatory BP monitoring was performed at the beginning and at the end of each four-week study period. Systolic and diastolic BP decreased in both study groups, but differences between groups were not significant (systolic, -1.78 and -0.2 mmHg; diastolic, -1.54 and -0.42 mmHg in LSLF581 and LSLF, respectively). Although our results could not support a BP lowering effect of LSLF581, small BP reductions could favorably prevent cardiovascular disease development.


La hipertensión arterial es uno de los principales factores de riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular. Los alimentos funcionales que contienen biopéptidos constituyen una estrategia útil para disminuir la presión arterial (PA) en personas que no están bajo tratamiento farmacológico. El objetivo del estudio fue comparar el efecto de un queso bajo en sodio y bajo en grasas (BSBG) y el mismo queso con Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis CRL 581 (BSBG581) sobre la PA en personas con prehipertensión y estadio 1 de hipertensión arterial. Realizamos un estudio prospectivo, randomizado, cruzado y doble ciego durante 12 meses en 61 personas con prehipertensión y estadio 1 de hipertensión arterial, asignadas a dos grupos: BSBG (n= 29) y BSBG581 (n= 32). Se realizó monitoreo ambulatorio de la PA (MAPA) durante 24 h al comienzo y al final de cada etapa del estudio (cuatro semanas). La PA sistólica y diastólica disminuyó en ambos grupos, aunque las diferencias entre grupos no fueron significativas (sistólica, -1.78 y -0.2 mmHg; diastólica -1.54 y -0.42 mmHg en BSBG581 y BSBG respectivamente). Aunque nuestros resultados no pueden confirmar el efecto hipotensor del queso BSBG581, las reducciones moderadas de la PA podrían prevenir el desarrollo de enfermedad cardiovascular.


Assuntos
Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Queijo/microbiologia , Lactobacillus delbrueckii/fisiologia , Pré-Hipertensão/dietoterapia , Hipertensão/dietoterapia , Peptídeos , Pressão Sanguínea , Determinação da Pressão Arterial , Doenças Cardiovasculares/prevenção & controle , Antropometria , Método Duplo-Cego , Alimento Funcional
9.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 117(4): 224-229, ago. 2019. tab
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1054925

RESUMO

Introducción: La primera infancia es el período de mayor neuroplasticidad. La detección temprana de alteraciones del desarrollo permite la intervención oportuna para reducir secuelas y/o complicaciones. Objetivo: Evaluar el desarrollo psicomotor y cognitivo en lactantes asistidos en el sector público de salud, entre los 6 y 9 meses de edad. Población y métodos: Estudio descriptivo de seguimiento, de niños nacidos a término, clínicamente sanos en la evaluación, con peso, talla y perímetro cefálico adecuados para la edad. Se utilizó la Escala de Evaluación del Desarrollo Psicomotor y la Escala Argentina de Inteligencia Sensorio-motriz entre los 6 y 9 meses. En los casos en que se detectaron riesgo o retraso, se intervino con estimulación temprana. Se determinaron las prevalencias de riesgo/retraso del desarrollo psicomotor e inteligencia sensorio-motriz. Se utilizó el paquete estadístico R, versión 3.3.1. Resultados: Fueron evaluados 102 niños. A los 6 meses, el 22,5 % presentó riesgo/retraso en el desarrollo. Las prevalencias de resultados no esperados para la edad en desarrollo psicomotor y en inteligencia sensorio motriz fueron del 13,7 % y del 16,7 %, respectivamente. Estos niños recibieron estimulación temprana y todos mejoraron sus resultados. A los 9 meses, la prevalencia de riesgo/retraso fue del 20,6 %: el 14,7 % en desarrollo psicomotor y el 9,8 % en inteligencia sensorio motriz. Conclusión: El 22,5 % de los lactantes presentó riesgo/retraso del desarrollo a los 6 meses; la prevalencia a los 9 meses fue del 20,6 %. La evaluación temprana del desarrollo permitió detectar alteraciones e intervenir tempranamente.


Introduction: Infancy is the period of greatest neuroplasticity. The early detection of developmental disorders helps to provide a timely intervention aimed at reducing sequelae and/or complications. Objective: To assess psychomotor and cognitive development in infants between 6 and 9 months old assisted in the public health sector. Population and methods: Descriptive study with follow-up of full-term infants who were clinically healthy at the time of assessment and had an adequate weight, height, and head circumference for their age. The Assessment Scale of Psychomotor Development and the Argentine Scale of Sensorimotor Intelligence were used in infants aged 6-9 months. Early stimulation was the intervention provided to those who showed a risk or delay. The prevalence of risk/delay of psychomotor development and sensorimotor intelligence was determined. The statistical software package R, version 3.3.1 was used. Results: A total of 102 children were assessed. At 6 months old, 22.5 % had a developmental risk/delay. The prevalence of unexpected results for age in psychomotor development and sensorimotor intelligence was 13.7 % and 16.7 %, respectively. These children received early stimulation and all showed improved results. At 9 months old, the prevalence of risk/delay was 20.6 %: 14.7 % in psychomotor development and 9.8 % in sensorimotor intelligence. Conclusion: At 6 months old, 22.5 % of infants had a developmental risk/delay; at 9 months old, this prevalence was 20.6 %. An early assessment of development helped to detect disorders and provide an early intervention.


Assuntos
Humanos , Lactente , Desenvolvimento Infantil , Deficiências do Desenvolvimento , Cognição
10.
Arch Argent Pediatr ; 117(4): 224-229, 2019 08 01.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31339264

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Infancy is the period of greatest neuroplasticity. The early detection of developmental disorders helps to provide a timely intervention aimed at reducing sequelae and/or complications. OBJECTIVE: To assess psychomotor and cognitive development in infants between 6 and 9 months old assisted in the public health sector. POPULATION AND METHODS: Descriptive study with follow-up of full-term infants who were clinically healthy at the time of assessment and had an adequate weight, height, and head circumference for their age. The Assessment Scale of Psychomotor Development and the Argentine Scale of Sensorimotor Intelligence were used in infants aged 6-9 months. Early stimulation was the intervention provided to those who showed a risk or delay. The prevalence of risk/delay of psychomotor development and sensorimotor intelligence was determined. The statistical software package R, version 3.3.1 was used. RESULTS: A total of 102 children were assessed. At 6 months old, 22.5 % had a developmental risk/delay. The prevalence of unexpected results for age in psychomotor development and sensorimotor intelligence was 13.7 % and 16.7 %, respectively. These children received early stimulation and all showed improved results. At 9 months old, the prevalence of risk/delay was 20.6 %: 14.7 % in psychomotor development and 9.8 % in sensorimotor intelligence. CONCLUSIONS: At 6 months old, 22.5 % of infants had a developmental risk/delay; at 9 months old, this prevalence was 20.6 %. An early assessment of development helped to detect disorders and provide an early intervention.


Introducción: La primera infancia es el período de mayor neuroplasticidad. La detección temprana de alteraciones del desarrollo permite la intervención oportuna para reducir secuelas y/o complicaciones. Objetivo: Evaluar el desarrollo psicomotor y cognitivo en lactantes asistidos en el sector público de salud, entre los 6 y 9 meses de edad. Población y métodos: Estudio descriptivo de seguimiento, de niños nacidos a término, clínicamente sanos en la evaluación, con peso, talla y perímetro cefálico adecuados para la edad. Se utilizó la Escala de Evaluación del Desarrollo Psicomotor y la Escala Argentina de Inteligencia Sensorio-motriz entre los 6 y 9 meses. En los casos en que se detectaron riesgo o retraso, se intervino con estimulación temprana. Se determinaron las prevalencias de riesgo/retraso del desarrollo psicomotor e inteligencia sensorio-motriz. Se utilizó el paquete estadístico R, versión 3.3.1. Resultados: Fueron evaluados 102 niños. A los 6 meses, el 22,5 % presentó riesgo/retraso en el desarrollo. Las prevalencias de resultados no esperados para la edad en desarrollo psicomotor y en inteligencia sensorio motriz fueron del 13,7 % y del 16,7 %, respectivamente. Estos niños recibieron estimulación temprana y todos mejoraron sus resultados. A los 9 meses, la prevalencia de riesgo/retraso fue del 20,6 %: el 14,7 % en desarrollo psicomotor y el 9,8 % en inteligencia sensorio motriz. Conclusión: El 22,5 % de los lactantes presentó riesgo/retraso del desarrollo a los 6 meses; la prevalencia a los 9 meses fue del 20,6 %. La evaluación temprana del desarrollo permitió detectar alteraciones e intervenir tempranamente.


Assuntos
Desenvolvimento Infantil , Deficiências do Desenvolvimento/diagnóstico , Inteligência , Desempenho Psicomotor , Deficiências do Desenvolvimento/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Prevalência , Saúde Pública
11.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 117(1): 19-25, feb. 2019. tab
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-983772

RESUMO

Introducción. La deficiencia de vitamina A (DVA) ha sido reconocida como un importante problema de salud pública en países en vías de desarrollo. Los niños en edad preescolar son grupos de riesgo en poblaciones vulnerables. El objetivo fue determinar la prevalencia de DVA y los factores asociados en una muestra de niños de edad preescolar. Material y métodos. Estudio de corte transversal que incluyó a niños de 1 a 6 años beneficiarios de planes sociales, atendidos en centros de atención primaria de la periferia de la ciudad de la Plata, Buenos Aires. Se determinó el contenido de vitamina A midiendo retinol sérico, por cromatografía líquida, y se registraron parámetros antropométricos e ingesta alimentaria. Se utilizó un modelo de regresión logística multinomial para evaluar la asociación entre las variables. Resultados. Se analizaron datos de 624 niños. La media geométrica de retinol fue 23,8 pg/dl (IC 95 %: 23,3-24,3). Las prevalencias de DVA y riesgo de DVA fueron 24,3 % y 57,4 %, respectivamente. Los niveles de retinol fueron significativamente menores en niños varones, con bajo peso y aquellos con bajo consumo (menor del primer tercilo de distribución). El análisis multivariable mostró asociación significativa entre DVA y el sexo masculino (OR: 1,93; IC 95 %: 1,15-3,24) y con el bajo consumo (OR: 1,48; IC 95 %: 1,15-2,62). Conclusión. La prevalencia de DVA hallada (24,3 %) constituye un importante problema de salud pública en esta población. Los factores asociados a dicha deficiencia fueron el sexo masculino y el bajo consumo.


Introduction. Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) has been recognized as an important public health problem in developing countries. Preschoolers account for risk groups within vulnerable populations. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of VAD and associated factors in a sample of preschoolers. Material and methods. Cross-sectional study with children aged 1-6 years receiving social assistance and seen at primary health care centers in the outskirts of the city of La Plata, Buenos Aires. Vitamin A levels were determined by measuring serum retinol with a liquid chromatography; anthropometric parameters and dietary intake were recorded. A multinomial logistic regression model was used to assess the association among outcome measures. Results. Data from 624 children were analyzed. The geometric mean of retinol was 23.8 pg/dL (95 % CI: 23.3-24.3). The prevalence of VAD and the risk for VAD were 24.3 % and 57.4 %, respectively. Retinol levels were significantly lower among boys, low-weight children, and those with low intake (below the first tertile of distribution). The multivariate analysis showed a significant association between VAD and male sex (odds ratio: 1.93; 95 % CI: 1.15-3.24) and between VAD and low intake (odds ratio: 1.48; 95 % CI: 1.15-2.62). Conclusion. The prevalence of VAD (24.3 %) is a major public health problem in this population. VAD-associated factors were male sex and low vitamin A intake.


Assuntos
Humanos , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Deficiência de Vitamina A/sangue , Deficiência de Vitamina A/epidemiologia , Fatores de Risco , Argentina , Pobreza , Estudos Transversais
12.
Arch Argent Pediatr ; 117(1): 19-25, 2019 02 01.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30652442

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) has been recognized as an important public health problem in developing countries. Preschoolers account for risk groups within vulnerable populations. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of VAD and associated factors in a sample of preschoolers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cross-sectional study with children aged 1-6 years receiving social assistance and seen at primary health care centers in the outskirts of the city of La Plata, Buenos Aires. Vitamin A levels were determined by measuring serum retinol with a liquid chromatography; anthropometric parameters and dietary intake were recorded. A multinomial logistic regression model was used to assess the association among outcome measures. RESULTS: Data from 624 children were analyzed. The geometric mean of retinol was 23.8 pg/dL (95 % CI: 23.3-24.3). The prevalence of VAD and the risk for VAD were 24.3 % and 57.4 %, respectively. Retinol levels were significantly lower among boys, low-weight children, and those with low intake (below the first tertile of distribution). The multivariate analysis showed a significant association between VAD and male sex (odds ratio: 1.93; 95 % CI: 1.15-3.24) and between VAD and low intake (odds ratio: 1.48; 95 % CI: 1.15-2.62). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of VAD (24.3 %) is a major public health problem in this population. VAD-associated factors were male sex and low vitamin A intake.


Introducción. La deficiencia de vitamina A (DVA) ha sido reconocida como un importante problema de salud pública en países en vías de desarrollo. Los niños en edad preescolar son grupos de riesgo en poblaciones vulnerables. El objetivo fue determinar la prevalencia de DVA y los factores asociados en una muestra de niños de edad preescolar. Material y métodos. Estudio de corte transversal que incluyó a niños de 1 a 6 años beneficiarios de planes sociales, atendidos en centros de atención primaria de la periferia de la ciudad de la Plata, Buenos Aires. Se determinó el contenido de vitamina A midiendo retinol sérico, por cromatografía líquida, y se registraron parámetros antropométricos e ingesta alimentaria. Se utilizó un modelo de regresión logística multinomial para evaluar la asociación entre las variables. Resultados. Se analizaron datos de 624 niños. La media geométrica de retinol fue 23,8 pg/dl (IC 95 %: 23,3-24,3). Las prevalencias de DVA y riesgo de DVA fueron 24,3 % y 57,4 %, respectivamente. Los niveles de retinol fueron significativamente menores en niños varones, con bajo peso y aquellos con bajo consumo (menor del primer tercilo de distribución). El análisis multivariable mostró asociación significativa entre DVA y el sexo masculino (OR: 1,93; IC 95 %: 1,15-3,24) y con el bajo consumo (OR: 1,48; IC 95 %: 1,15-2,62). Conclusión. La prevalencia de DVA hallada (24,3 %) constituye un importante problema de salud pública en esta población. Los factores asociados a dicha deficiencia fueron el sexo masculino y el bajo consumo.


Assuntos
Deficiência de Vitamina A/epidemiologia , Argentina/epidemiologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco , Saúde Suburbana
14.
Am J Hypertens ; 30(10): 1032-1038, 2017 Oct 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28586418

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The aim was to evaluate the relationships among insulin resistance markers and nocturnal and diurnal hypertension in normotensive or mildly untreated hypertensive adults. METHODS: The study was performed in both female and male adults referred to the Cardiometabolic Unit of the Hospital San Martín, La Plata, Argentina, in order to perform an ambulatory blood pressure measurement (ABPM) for the evaluation of a possible hypertensive disorder. The population was stratified according to their ABPM in: 1-presence or absence of diurnal hypertension and 2-presence or absence of nocturnal hypertension; both conditions were analyzed separately. Fasting plasma insulin (FPI), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and triglycerides (TG)/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio were used as surrogate markers of insulin resistance and compared among subjects with vs. without diurnal or nocturnal hypertension. RESULTS: One hundred and five patients, 55 women, 47 (11) years old, and 50 men, 44 (16) years old, were included. Diurnal and nocturnal hypertension were found in 60% and 64% of the sample, respectively. There were no significant differences among the levels of insulin resistance markers between individuals with or without diurnal hypertension. In contrast, individuals with nocturnal hypertension were more insulin resistant irrespectively of whether they were evaluated using FPI (P = 0.016), HOMA-IR (P = 0.019), or TG/HDL-C ratio (P = 0.011); FPI differences remained significant after adjustment for sex, age, and obesity indicators (P = 0.032). CONCLUSIONS: Nocturnal but not diurnal hypertension was related to higher levels of 3 insulin resistance markers in normotensive and untreated mildly hypertensive adults; this relationship seems partially independent of obesity.


Assuntos
Glicemia/metabolismo , Pressão Sanguínea , Ritmo Circadiano , Hipertensão/fisiopatologia , Resistência à Insulina , Insulina/sangue , Lipídeos/sangue , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Argentina , Biomarcadores/sangue , Determinação da Pressão Arterial , Feminino , Humanos , Hipertensão/complicações , Hipertensão/diagnóstico , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Visita a Consultório Médico , Fatores de Risco , Fatores de Tempo , Adulto Jovem
15.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 114(6): 543-548, dic. 2016. tab
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-838300

RESUMO

Introducción. El plomo es neurotóxico para los niños, aun en muy baja concentración sanguínea. Los factores de riesgo (FR) de exposición al plomo no están debidamente identificados en la región de La Plata. Los objetivos fueron determinar la media de plombemia e identificar los FR en niños de 1 a 6 años de la ciudad de La Plata y alrededores. Población y métodos. Se realizó un estudio de corte transversal en niños que concurrieron a controles de salud en centros de atención primaria. Se determinó la plombemia por absorción atómica y se realizó una encuesta socioambiental para relevar los FR. Se usó la prueba de Mann-Whitney para comparar medias. Se realizó un análisis estadístico multivariable para determinar los FR más relevantes. Resultados. Participaron 319 niños (51% de varones); la mediana y el rango intercuartílico de plombemia fue 2,2 (1,1-3,6) μg/dL. Se hallaron diferencias de media de plombemia significativas para edad ≤ 3 años, anemia, hábito de pica, hacinamiento, piso de tierra y escolaridad materna menor de 7 años. Los FR edad ≤ 3 años y hábito de pica tuvieron OR significativos. El OR ajustado por regresión logística fue significativo solo para edad ≤ 3 años. Conclusiones. La mediana de plombemia de la población estudiada fue de 2,2 μg/dL. Los principales FR de exposición al plomo identificados fueron edad ≤ 3 años y hábito de pica. Otros factores menos relevantes fueron anemia, escolaridad materna menor de 7 años, hacinamiento y piso de tierra.


Introduction. Lead has neurotoxic effects in children, even at a very low level in blood. The risk factors (RFs) for lead exposure have not been adequately identified in La Plata. The objectives of this study were to determine mean blood lead levels and identify RFs in children aged 1 to 6 years old living in La Plata and the outskirts. Population and methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted in children who attended primary health care centers for a health check-up. Blood lead levels were determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy, and a socioenvironmental survey was administered to outline RFs. The Mann-Whitney test was used to compare measurements. A multivariate statistical analysis was done to establish the most relevant RFs. Results. A total of 319 children participated (51% were boys); the median (interquartile range) blood lead level was 2.2 μg/dL (1.1-3.6 μg/dL). Significant mean differences in blood lead levels were observed for age ≤ 3 years old, anemia, pica behavior, overcrowding, dirt floors, and maternal education < 7 years. Age ≤ 3 years old and pica behavior were both RFs with significant odds ratios (ORs). The OR as adjusted by logistic regression was significant only for age ≤ 3 years old. Conclusions. The median blood lead level in the studied population was 2.2 μg/dL. The main RFs identified for lead exposure were age ≤ 3 years old and pica behavior. Other less relevant RFs included anemia, maternal education < 7 years, overcrowding, and dirt floors.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Chumbo/sangue , Saúde da População Urbana , Estudos Transversais , Fatores de Risco , Medição de Risco , Exposição Ambiental
16.
Arch Argent Pediatr ; 114(6): 543-549, 2016 Dec 01.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27869412

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Lead has neurotoxic effects in children, even at a very low level in blood. The risk factors (RFs) for lead exposure have not been adequately identified in La Plata. The objectives of this study were to determine mean blood lead levels and identify RFs in children aged 1 to 6 years old living in La Plata and the outskirts. POPULATION AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in children who attended primary health care centers for a health check-up. Blood lead levels were determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy, and a socioenvironmental survey was administered to outline RFs. The Mann-Whitney test was used to compare measurements. A multivariate statistical analysis was done to establish the most relevant RFs. RESULTS: A total of 319 children participated (51% were boys); the median (interquartile range) blood lead level was 2.2 pg/dL (1.1-3.6 pg/dL). Significant mean differences in blood lead levels were observed for age≤ 3years old, anemia, pica behavior, overcrowding, dirt floors, and maternal education < 7 years. Age≤ 3years old and pica behavior were both RFs with significant odds ratios (ORs). The OR as adjusted by logistic regression was significant only for age≤ 3years old. CONCLUSIONS: The median blood lead level in the studied population was 2.2 pg/dL. The main RFs identified for lead exposure were age≤ 3years old and pica behavior. Other less relevant RFs included anemia, maternal education < 7 years, overcrowding, and dirt floors.


INTRODUCCIÓN: El plomo es neurotóxico para los niños, aun en muy baja concentración sanguínea. Los factores de riesgo (FR) de exposición al plomo no están debidamente identificados en la región de La Plata. Los objetivos fueron determinar la media de plombemia e identificar los FR en niños de 1 a 6 años de la ciudad de La Plata y alrededores. POBLACIÓN Y MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio de corte transversal en niños que concurrieron a controles de salud en centros de atención primaria. Se determinó la plombemia por absorción atómica y se realizó una encuesta socioambiental para relevar los FR. Se usó la prueba de Mann-Whitney para comparar medias. Se realizó un análisis estadístico multivariable para determinar los FR más relevantes. RESULTADOS: Participaron 319 niños (51% de varones); la mediana y el rango intercuartílico de plombemia fue 2,2 (1,1-3,6) pg/dL. Se hallaron diferencias de media de plombemia significativas para edad ≤ 3 años, anemia, hábito de pica, hacinamiento, piso de tierra y escolaridad materna menor de 7 años. Los FR edad≤ 3años y hábito de pica tuvieron OR significativos. El OR ajustado por regresión logística fue significativo solo para edad ≤ 3 años. CONCLUSIONES: La mediana de plombemia de la población estudiada fue de 2,2 pg/dL. Los principales FR de exposición al plomo identificados fueron edad≤ 3años y hábito de pica. Otros factores menos relevantes fueron anemia, escolaridad materna menor de 7 años, hacinamiento y piso de tierra.


Assuntos
Chumbo/sangue , Argentina , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estudos Transversais , Exposição Ambiental , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Medição de Risco , Fatores de Risco , Saúde da População Urbana
17.
Early Hum Dev ; 100: 11-5, 2016 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27391868

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: There is growing interest in the fatty acid composition of breast milk and substitute formulas used to replace or complement infant breastfeeding. AIM: The aims of this study were to assess the impact of two follow-up infant formulas based on cow milk fat, vegetable oils and different docosahexaenoic (DHA) and arachidonic (ARA) acid content on red blood cell membrane fatty acid composition, and determine the percent saturated fatty acid (SFA) incorporation into the membrane. STUDY DESIGN: This was a double-blind, randomized, controlled, parallel-group clinical trial. Infants received treatment or control product for at least four months before the age of six months. The control group (n=25) received standard infant formula (FA) and the treatment group (n=24) received the same formula supplemented with higher DHA and ARA content (FB). The reference group (n=47) consisted of normal healthy exclusively breastfed infants. OUTCOME MEASURE: Red blood cell membrane fatty acid composition was determined by capillary gas chromatography. RESULTS: Ninety-six infants completed the study (FA, 25; FB, 24; reference, 47). Higher DHA content reflected higher DHA percentage in the red blood cell membrane. Breast milk and FB did not show any significant differences in DHA content. ARA percentage was higher in breastfed infants and palmitic acid percentage was higher in FB- compared with FA-fed infants. CONCLUSION: DHA and palmitic acid percent distributions were higher in the red blood cell membrane of infants receiving FB. DHA percent distribution was not significantly different in FB-fed and breastfed infants. SFA percent distribution was not significantly different when comparing both formulas with breast milk.


Assuntos
Membrana Eritrocítica/química , Ácidos Graxos/sangue , Fórmulas Infantis/química , Lipídeos/análise , Animais , Ácido Araquidônico/administração & dosagem , Ácido Araquidônico/sangue , Aleitamento Materno , Bovinos , Gorduras na Dieta/administração & dosagem , Ácidos Docosa-Hexaenoicos/administração & dosagem , Ácidos Docosa-Hexaenoicos/sangue , Método Duplo-Cego , Humanos , Lactente , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição do Lactente , Lipídeos/administração & dosagem , Leite/química , Leite Humano/química , Ácido Palmítico/sangue , Óleos de Plantas
18.
Salud colect ; 12(2): 239-250, abr.-jun. 2016. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-798242

RESUMO

RESUMEN El objetivo de este artículo es describir el estado nutricional y los patrones de alimentación de niños de 1 a 3 años de familias de bajos recursos, que residen en dos áreas con diferentes actividades productivas: producción primaria y de bienes y servicios. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal, con metodología cuali-cuantitativa; se evaluó el estado nutricional antropométrico y bioquímico, ingesta alimentaria, características económicas y sociodemográficas, prácticas alimentarias y representaciones. Los resultados muestran que los niños del área de producción primaria presentaron menor prevalencia de anemia y deficiencia de hierro. Asimismo tuvieron un consumo superior de energía, calcio, zinc, vitamina A y proteínas y una mayor diversidad y calidad en el consumo de alimentos. Podemos concluir que el contexto geográfico de las familias que residen cerca de fuentes de producción primaria favorecería la interacción con individuos ajenos a la familia, ampliando la red social informal y el acceso a alimentos de mejor calidad nutricional.


ABSTRACT The aim of this article is to describe the nutritional status and eating patterns of children aged 1-3 years from low-income families who reside in areas with different productive activities: primary production and production of goods and services. A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed with a qualitative and quantitative methodology, evaluating anthropometric and biochemical nutritional status, food intake, economic and demographic characteristics, dietary practices and representations. The results show that children from areas of primary production had a lower prevalence of anemia and iron deficiency. They also had a higher consumption of energy, calcium, zinc, vitamin A and protein and a greater diversity and quality in food consumption. We can conclude that the geographical context of families closer to sources of primary production favors interaction with individuals outside of the family, expanding both the informal social network and access to better quality nutritional food.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Pobreza , Estado Nutricional , Argentina , Prevalência , Estudos Transversais
19.
Salud Colect ; 12(2): 239-250, 2016.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28414840

RESUMO

The aim of this article is to describe the nutritional status and eating patterns of children aged 1-3 years from low-income families who reside in areas with different productive activities: primary production and production of goods and services. A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed with a qualitative and quantitative methodology, evaluating anthropometric and biochemical nutritional status, food intake, economic and demographic characteristics, dietary practices and representations. The results show that children from areas of primary production had a lower prevalence of anemia and iron deficiency. They also had a higher consumption of energy, calcium, zinc, vitamin A and protein and a greater diversity and quality in food consumption. We can conclude that the geographical context of families closer to sources of primary production favors interaction with individuals outside of the family, expanding both the informal social network and access to better quality nutritional food.


Assuntos
Estado Nutricional , Pobreza , Argentina , Pré-Escolar , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Prevalência
20.
Rev. argent. salud publica ; 5(19)jun.2014. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, ARGMSAL | ID: biblio-992149

RESUMO

INTRODUCCION: La leche materna proveniente de los bancos de leche humana (BLH) es el mejor sustituto cuando la lactancia no es posible. Sin embargo, la pasteurización puededisminuir el contenido de vitamina A. OBJETIVO: Comparar el contenido de vitamina A en leche madura de BLH antes y después de la pasteurización, y analizar si la leche pasteurizada se adecua a los requerimientos nutricionales del lactante. METODOS:Las muestras de leche fueron recogidas por las madres donantes. Se analizó la vitamina A por cromatografía líquida, y se calculó la media de concentración antes y después de la pasteurización. Secompararon los resultados según el test de Student. Se analizó la adecuación de la vitamina a los requerimientos nutricionales del lactante. RESULTADOS: Se analizaron 53 muestras de leche de madres donantes cuya edad promedio era de 31,3±4,4 años. La media del tiempo de lactancia fue de 91±59 días. La concentraciónmedia de vitamina A en leche antes y después de la pasteurización fue de 36,6±13,5 μg/dl y 30,5±12,8 μg/dl, respectivamente (p<0,001). Se observó una disminución media de concentraciónde 6,1 μg/dl (16,7%) de vitamina A luego de la pasteurización. El porcentaje de adecuación de la vitamina A en la leche pasteurizada fue del 59,6%. CONCLUSIONES: La disminución de vitamina A en leche madura de BLH luego de la pasteurización fue del 16,7%. La concentración de vitamina A hallada en la leche pasteurizada fue insuficiente para cubrir los requerimientos del lactante.


INTRODUCTION: Breast milk from human milk banks (HMB) is the best substitute when breastfeeding is not possible, although pasteurization maydecrease vitamin A content. OBJECTIVE: To compare vitamin A content in mature milk from HMB before and after pasteurization, and to analyze whether pasteurized milk meets the infant nutritional requirements. METHODS:Milk samples were collected by donor mothers. Vitamin A was assessed by liquid chromatography, and mean concentration before and after pasteurization was calculated. Results were compared with StudentÆs t-test.Vitamin A adequacy to the infantÆs nutritional requirements was analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 53 human milksamples from donor mothers were analyzed (average age: 31.3±4.4 years; mean breastfeeding duration:91±59 days). Mean vitamin A concentration in milk before and after pasteurization was 36.6±13.5 μg/dland 30.5±12.8 μg/dl, respectively (p<0.001). The mean decrease of vitamin A concentration after pasteurization was 6.1 μg/dl (16.7%). Vitamin A adequacy percentagein milk after pasteurization was 59.6%. CONCLUSIONS: Vitamin A decrease in mature milk from HMB after pasteurization was 16.7%. Vitamin A concentration in milk after pasteurization was not sufficient to meet the infantÆs needs.


Assuntos
Bancos de Leite Humano , Leite Humano , Vitamina A
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA
...